Samuel Friedrich Capricornus (c. 1620–1670) was a German composer and musician of the early Baroque period, primarily known for his contributions to sacred choral music. His work is characterized by its intricate counterpoint and expressive melodies, reflecting the transition from Renaissance styles to the emerging Baroque sensibilities. Capricornus is best known for his collection of motets, particularly "Motecta," which showcases his skill in setting Latin texts to music. He also composed a significant number of lieder, or German songs, integrating folk elements into his compositions. His music often features rich harmonies and a strong sense of lyricism, which became influential in the development of German choral music. Although not as widely recognized as some of his contemporaries, Capricornus' work contributed to the establishment of a distinct German musical identity during the Baroque era. His compositions were performed in various religious settings, and he served as a musician in several courts, including that of Duke Johann Friedrich of Württemberg. His impact is evident in the way he paved the way for future generations of composers in Germany, particularly in the realm of choral music.